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Nontargeted Screening as an Essential Tool for Drinking Water Quality MonitoringLiquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC–HRMS) is used in combination with a comprehensive data analysis workflow to screen water samples for potentially hazardous transformation products from organic micropollutants to determine the efficacy of different water treatment methods.
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Another 10 Ways to Spoil a CE SeparationThis month's "CE Currents" continues an examination of problems that users may find in routine CE work. Readers can avoid these problems by adopting the working practices suggested by the authors.
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Novel LC–MS/MS Method with a Dual ESI and APCI Ion Source for Analysis of California-Regulated Pesticides and Mycotoxins in Medium-Chain Triglyceride (MCT) Oil Cannabis TincturesA novel liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method with a dual electrospray ionization (ESI) and atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization (APCI) source was developed for analysis of 66 pesticides and 5 mycotoxins regulated by the State of California in medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) oil cannabis tinctures. The limits of quantitation (LOQs) of all of the pesticides and mycotoxins were well below California state action limits of these analytes in cannabis-based non-inhalable or edible products. A total of 62 (out of 66) pesticides and 5 mycotoxins were analyzed using LC–MS/MS with an ESI source, and the remaining 4 pesticides were determined using LC–MS/MS with an APCI source. A simple, fast, and cheap acetonitrile solvent extraction method was used for sample preparation to get good recovery and achieve high throughput for this analysis. For late-eluted analytes, a number of internal standards were used to compensate for ion suppression effects from the hydrophobic matrix.
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Long-Term Analyses with Capillary ElectrophoresisThis month's installment of "CE Currents" deals with problems that may arise when using capillary electrophoresis for unattended, long-term operation, such as sample carryover, evaporation effects, capillary conditioning, capillary surface changes, buffer handling, capillary breakage, and detector lamp deterioration.
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Possibilities and Limitations of Aqueous Temperature Responsive Liquid Chromatography in Comprehensive 2D–LCAnalyzing representative standard mixtures, APIs, and synthetic impurities shows that when TRLC is combined with RPLC in 2D-LC, separation performance is improved. We explain why.
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LCGC Blog: Forensics Laboratories Underassess Uncertainty in Blood Alcohol DeterminationsThe level of uncertainty provided by most forensic laboratories for reported blood alcohol results has been woefully underassessed. Not only is this bad science, but someone’s civil liberties may be at stake.
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Novel LC–MS/MS Method with a Dual ESI and APCI Ion Source for Analysis of California-Regulated Pesticides and Mycotoxins in Medium-Chain Triglyceride (MCT) Oil Cannabis TincturesA novel liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method with a dual electrospray ionization (ESI) and atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization (APCI) source was developed for analysis of 66 pesticides and 5 mycotoxins regulated by the State of California in medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) oil cannabis tinctures. The limits of quantitation (LOQs) of all of the pesticides and mycotoxins were well below California state action limits of these analytes in cannabis-based non-inhalable or edible products. A total of 62 (out of 66) pesticides and 5 mycotoxins were analyzed using LC–MS/MS with an ESI source, and the remaining 4 pesticides were determined using LC–MS/MS with an APCI source. A simple, fast, and cheap acetonitrile solvent extraction method was used for sample preparation to get good recovery and achieve high throughput for this analysis. For late-eluted analytes, a number of internal standards were used to compensate for ion suppression effects from the hydrophobic matrix.
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Development of a Standardized Protocol for the Classification of Column Sets in Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas ChromatographyThe article discusses the classification and characterization of GC×GC column sets based on polarity and orthogonality, introducing a standardized approach using a reference mixture called the Century Mix to evaluate the selectivity and performance of these column sets.
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Optimization of Determination Method of Cooling Agents in Cigarette Tipping Paper by Gas ChromatographyThis GC–FID method enables accurate determination of cooling agents, which are flavor compounds commonly used in cigarette tipping paper.
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In Memory of Pavel Jandera, Leading ChromatographerProfessor Pavel Jandera passed away suddenly and unexpectedly on August 5, 2021. He was one of the most famous Czech analytical chemists. He was 77 years old.
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Application of Liquid- and Supercritical Fluid Chromatography Coupled with High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry for the Analysis of Short-, Medium-, and Long-Chain Chlorinated Paraffins in Dietary SupplementsScientists used supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) and ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC)—both coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS)—to analyze various types of chlorinated paraffins (CPs) in fish oil-based dietary supplements.
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Determination of Organophosphate Esters in Water Samples Using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) and Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction (SPE) Based on Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs)A GC–MS method, coupled with magnetic SPE with multi-walled carbon-nanotube (MWCNT)-coated iron oxide as the adsorbent, was developed for analyzing organophosphate esters in environmental water samples.
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Advances in Gas Chromatography for Optimal Dioxin GC SeparationHow can GC overcome the complexity of dioxin separation and analysis?
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Bioanalytical Analysis of Small-Molecule Drugs and Metabolites in Physiological Samples by LC–MS, Part 2: Sample PreparationThis concise yet comprehensive overview of sample preparation for bioanalysis looks at sample preparation fundamentals, best practices, and modern trends—all illustrated with a case study.
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Analysis of Proteins, Biologics, and Nanoparticles in Biological Fluids Using Asymmetrical Flow Field-Flow FractionationAspects of applying AF4 to plasma, serum, milk, and cerebrospinal fluid in the field of analysis and characterization of proteins, biologics, and nanoparticles in biological fluids are reviewed.
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Advances in Spatial Biology using TIMS-TOF MSA look at the practical benefits of using TIMS-TOF MS in spatial biology applications.
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Portable and Field‑Deployable Liquid Chromatography for Environmental StudiesLiquid chromatography (LC) is a platform technology amenable to portable and “at-site” or deployable applications. This has awoken end-users to new possibilities and potential cost savings and process improvements.
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Rapid Method to Characterize Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) Therapies Using SEC–FLDA fast and sensitive SEC technique incorporating a wide pore stationary phase with fluorescence detection, and its benefits, are described.
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Applying Sustainability Concepts to Modern Liquid ChromatographyGovernments are striving to implement policy changes towards a greater use of green technology, specifically around the generation of energy. Individuals and industrial organizations have also taken up the challenge, and now many companies are driving to significantly reduce their environmental footprint, or indeed become carbon negative within very short time frames.
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An Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography Alternative to Animal Testing for Skin SensitizationOECD-compliant amino acid derivative assay (ADRA) testing and method transfer to UHPLC conditions is presented.
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Systematic Evaluation of HILIC Stationary Phases for MS Characterization of OligonucleotidesHydrophilic interaction chromatography–mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS) offers a flexible and efficient alternative to ion-pairing reversed-phase liquid chromatography (IP-RPLC) for oligonucleotide analysis, with column selectivity and mobile phase pH being key factors in optimizing retention and detection.
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Recent Advances and Applications of Passive Sampling DevicesPassive samplers come in many forms and can be used in various fields. Here, we review multiple advances made to this sampling strategy.
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Determination of Microplastic Mass Content by Thermal Extraction Desorption Gas Chromatography–Mass SpectrometryA novel analysis technique has been developed for the determination of microplastics (MPs) in complex environmental samples using thermal extraction desorption gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (TED-GC–MS).
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Analysis of 12 Regulated Mycotoxins in 8 Food Matrices by Single Immunoaffinity Cleanup and Isotope Dilution LC–MS/MSMycotoxins are toxic metabolites produced by fungal species often found in agricultural products. An accurate method for analyzing 12 regulated mycotoxins is described using UHPLC–MS/MS. The method demonstrated limits of quantitation (LOQs) for all analytes below stringent regulatory limits, making the method suitable for routine mycotoxin analysis.
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The Role of Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics in Disease BiologyExamining the role that LC–MS/MS plays in metabolomics, and metabolomics’ growing importance in the field of disease biology.
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Analysis of Boronic Compounds as Potential Mutagenic Impurities in Drug Substances By GC–MSThis novel gas chromatography (GC)–MS approach enables analysis of the suspected mutagens bis(pinacolato)diboron (BPD) and tetrahydroxydiboron (BBA) found at low-levels in certain intermediates and active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), even in the presence of boron from other sources.
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Exploring Biopharmaceutical Analysis with Compact Capillary Liquid Chromatography InstrumentationA recent trend in the design of LC instrumentation is the move towards miniaturized and portable systems.
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Physicochemical Methods for Vectors and Ancillary Materials in Cellular and Gene TherapiesCellular and gene therapies (CGTs) have contributed significantly to the improvement of clinical outcomes for patients in the recent years. This paper discusses a range of physicochemical methods that play an important role in the difficult characterization of viral vectors, to meet the unique needs of CGT manufacturing process development, process and product characterization, and the quality control testing of these materials.
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Evaluation of Kinetic Performance of Reversed-Phase Columns for Protein Separations by Gradient Kinetic PlotsThis article compares the performance of wide-pore silica monolithic, sub-2µm FPP, and SPP columns, addresses the question of whether 1000 Å or 400 Å SPP columns are more suitable for reversed-phase LC-type protein separations, and presents a kinetic performance comparison of different columns.
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There is No Time to Waste: Low-Pressure Gas Chromatography– Mass Spectrometry is a Proven Solution for Fast, Sensitive, and Robust GC–MS AnalysisLow-pressure gas chromatography (LPGC)–MS should be the first option in many GC–MS applications to provide fast, sensitive, and robust analyses; and the installation, instrumentation, and implementation of LPGC is possible in any GC–MS system.
