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Nontargeted Screening and Accurate Mass Confirmation of Pesticides Using High-Resolution LC–Orbital Trap Mass SpectrometryThe increasing use of pesticide testing coupled with reductions in maximum permissible residue levels of pesticides in food have driven demand for fast, sensitive, and cost-effective analytical methods for high-throughput screening of multiclass pesticides in food. Detection of 510 pesticides at low parts-per-billion levels can be achieved within minutes using orbital trap technology. The high resolving power of these systems enables accurate mass confirmation of all compounds, including isobaric pesticides. This article will provide an overview of current legislation and illustrate how mass spectrometry instrumentation can enable fast and accurate pesticide screening.
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A History of Gas Chromatography: My Early ExperiencesIndustry veteran and 2009 LCGC Lifetime Achievement Award Winner Harold McNair writes about the early days of gas chromatography and his experiences through the years.
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Rapid Sample Preparation Followed by a 100% Water Mobile Phase HPLC Analysis for Quantifying Acetamiprid and its N-desmethyl Metabolite, IM-2-1, in Cow’s MilkThis article describes a space-saving, quick, and inexpensive sample preparation technique followed by a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with a 100% water mobile phase and photodiode array (PDA) detection for quantifying acetamiprid and its N-desmethyl metabolite, IM-2-1, in cow’s milk. The analytes were extracted from the sample and deproteinized using a handheld ultrasonic homogenizer with 5% (w/v) trichloroacetic acid solution, purified using a centrifugal monolithic silica spin minicolumn, and quantified within 20 min per sample. The accuracy and precision are well within the international method acceptance criteria.
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The Advent and Potential Impact of Ionic Liquid Stationary Phases in GC and GCxGCThis article discusses the unique properties of ILs and their potential impact as GC stationary phases.
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LCGC NA - The Quantification of Clopidogrel in Human PlasmaLCGC NA - The Quantification of Clopidogrel in Human Plasma
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Real-Time Profiling of Volatile Malt Aldehydes Using Selected Ion Flow Tube Mass SpectrometryThe authors use headspace SIFT-MS to target and identify volatiles in various malt aldehydes. The specificity and speed are compared to current methodology.
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Rapid LC Determination of UV Filters in Cosmetics using Ethanol as the Mobile PhaseA rapid and environmentally friendly LC method for the simultaneous determination of 12 UV filters in cosmetic samples using ethanol as the mobile phase.
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Therapeutic Diazepam Monitoring in Human Plasma and Urine by HPLC: An Application for AlcoholismA rapid and simple high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with basic extraction assays was developed to investigate free diazepam levels in the plasma and urine samples of patients medicated with this drug for the management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome. The HPLC analysis was optimized and evaluated for linearity, imprecision, recovery, detection and quantification limits. The method showed linearity between 50–500 ng/mL (r2 ≥ 0.990). Coefficients of variations (%CV) were calculated to be in the range of 1.77–9.60. According to ICH guidelines, theoretical limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) for plasma and urine were calculated as 8.3 ng/mL, 27.5 ng/mL and 8.2 ng/mL, 26 ng/mL respectively. Diazepam monitoring in plasma and urine displayed remarkable variations. The importance of adjusting doses according to individual requirements and the routine monitoring of plasma or urine for patients under medication is highlighted.
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Flash ChromatographyFlash chromatography is a purification technique that is designed for rapid separation by using air pressure as opposed to slow and inefficient gravityfed chromatography. It differs from the conventional column technique by using slightly smaller silica gel particles and pressurized gas at 50–200 psi.
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Basic Principles for Purification Using Supercritical Fluid ChromatographyAlthough supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) is not a new technique, preparative SFC is becoming increasingly more popular with advances in instrumentation, software and chemistry.
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Exploring Biopharmaceutical Analysis with Compact Capillary Liquid Chromatography InstrumentationA recent trend in the design of LC instrumentation is the move towards miniaturized and portable systems.
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Enhancing Phosphotyrosine Proteome Coverage Using a Combined ETD and CID Approach on a LTQ Orbitrap XL ETDCollision-induced dissociation (CID) and electron transfer dissociation (ETD) are complementary mass spectrometric fragmentation techniques. We have used CID and ETD in different approaches to analyse tyrosine phosphorylation using a Thermo Scientific LTQ Orbitrap XL equipped with ETD.
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A High-Volume, High-Throughput LC–MS Therapeutic Drug Monitoring SystemLC-MS monitoring of the drug clozapine is detailed along with a description of the overall system architecture, workflow, and maintenance routines that spport a large-scale drug monitoring program.
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High Resolution UHPLC Analysis of Naringin in Grapefruit JuiceGrapefruit juice was analysed by gradient UHPLC for naringin - a major flavanoid in grapefruit juice that gives it its bitter taste. A ZORBAX Rapid resolution HD (RRHD) StableBond-C18 2.1 ? 150 mm, 1.8 ?m column was able to resolve over 60 peaks, including naringin in 7 minutes, and was re-equilibrated in just three minutes by operating at a high flow rate (0.8 mL/min). The high pressure generated (965 bar) is well within the 1200 bar operating range of the RRHD column and 1290 Infinity LC.
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Advances in the Analysis of Persistent Halogenated Organic CompoundsThis article reviews advances in the analysis of persistent halogenated organic compounds over the last century.
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Unravelling the Complexity of Fragrances in HPC* Products Using TruTOF GC–TOF-MS with Automated Data DeconvolutionThe composition and analysis of fragrance components in home and personal care (HPC) products is very complex and unquestionably time consuming.
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Nontargeted Metabolite Profiling in Next-Generation Plant Breeding: A Case Study in Malting BarleyNon-targeted metabolite profiling by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS) is a powerful technique to investigate the influence of genetic and environmental influence on metabolic phenotype in plants. The approach offers an unbiased and in-depth analysis that can reveal molecular markers of desirable phenotypic traits which can be complementary to genetic markers in plant breeding efforts. Here, the power of non-targeted metabolite profiling is illustrated in a study focused on the determination of molecular markers in malting barley that are predictive of desirable malting quality for brewing applications.
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Comparison of Extracts from Dry and Alcohol-Steamed Root of Polygonatum kingianum (Huang Jing) by Sub-2-µm–LC–TOF-MSMost plants used in traditional Chinese medicine must be processed before their medicinal usage; hence the effective ingredients may differ from those in the freshly harvested plant extracts. In this work, we present a fast and generic approach using sub-2-?m liquid chromatography–time-of-flight–mass spectrometry (sub-2-?m-LC–TOF-MS) coupled with multivariate statistical data analysis to systematically profile ingredient changes between fresh and processed samples of huang jing.
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Gunpowder Profiling for Brand Identification using HPLC–MSConclusively determine the make and manufacturer of gunpowders by characterizing their distinguishing ingredients.
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Magnet or Cell? A Comparison of High-Resolution Sector Field ICP-MS and Collision–Reaction Cell Quadrupole ICP-MSInductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a mature method that offers reliable measurements across almost the entire periodic table. It has been established as the key methodology for investigating elemental concentrations, which play a central role in biological, environmental, chemical, and industrial processes. ICP-MS is capable of performing multielemental analyses in a single analytical run, achieving an overall productivity of more than 50 samples/h. The method also delivers lower detection limits compared to graphite furnace atomic absorption (GFAA) or inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES).
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Improving HPLC Separation of PolyphenolsThis article highlights a number of recent developments in HPLC for polyphenol analysis.
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High Temperature GPC Analysis of Polyolefins with Infrared DetectionThe analysis of the molar mass distribution of polyethylene and polypropylene resins by GPC/SEC has always been considered a demanding task because of the requirement of high temperature operation for dissolution and complex hardware design, which often results in high maintenance cost, in particular related to the autosampler/injector and detector units, and in other problematic and consuming tasks such as solvent handling added to column fragility, sample degradation or detector sensitivity–stability.
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Analysis of Glyphosate, Glufosinate, and Metabolites (Oct 2024)An extraction method with an optional fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl chloride derivatization step to allow for the analysis of glyphosate on a C18 HPLC column.
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Fast Determination of Anthocyanins to Authenticate Pomegranate JuiceAnthocyanins are a sub-class of naturally electron deficient and powerful antioxidants called flavonoids that are responsible for the red, orange, and blue coloration in fruits and flowers.
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The Minnesota Chromatography Forum's 30th AnniversaryPeter Johnson gives readers the history of the well-known Minnesota Chromatography Forum.
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Rapid Method Development for Industrial LC Separations Using Automated Screening of Stationary Phases and SolventsRapid Method Development for Industrial LC Separations Using Automated Screening of Stationary Phases and Solvents.
