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ChromTalks: The Benefit of Hindsight in Chromatography***Thursday and Friday May 13-14 | May 20-21, 2021*** In the relaxed and unconventional talks in this symposium, highly experienced speakers from industry and academia will impart key learnings from their long experience with chromatography—from heroic failures that have taught them valuable lessons, to moments of inspirational serendipity, and everything in between. CHROMTalks will deliver lifetimes of learning in condensed form, covering topics across implementation, troubleshooting, and method development of analytical techniques. Time spent at CHROMTalks will pay back as soon as you enter your laboratory! ***Available On Demand Until May 21, 2022***
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LC–MS-Based Proteomics for Protein Biomarker Quantification for Both Prognosis and Diagnosis in the Clinical SettingIn this column, we discuss the label-free and stable isotope labeling proteomics approaches that help in biomarker discovery. We also discuss the different enrichment techniques, such as stable isotope labeling by amino acid in cell culture (SILAC), isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ), and tandem mass tags (TMT, that help in measuring low-abundance protein biomarkers.
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Monoliths as Stationary Phases for Separating Biopolymers – Fourth-Generation Chromatography SorbentsMonoliths are chromatography sorbents cast into columns as a single continuous piece in contrast with regular chromatographic sorbents, which are packed as individual particles. The guest authors compare three such novel sorbents with a conventional particle-packed column.
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Py-GC-MS Investigation of Pyrolysis Behaviours and Decomposition Products of α- and β-2,7,11-Cembratriene-4,6-DiolsThe study of the thermal behaviour and pyrolysis products of these terpenoids could possibly suggest flavour precursors that could be used to provide specific flavours to tobacco.
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Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography (HIC) for the Characterization of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies and Related Products, Part 2: Practical ConsiderationsIn the second part of this review of the current state of HIC, some practical considerations are explained, including method development, selection of the phase system, combined salt systems, and possibilities to combine HIC with other chromatographic modes.
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Organoids and Organ-on-a-Chip: A Need for Separation ScienceOrganoids are predicted to become important tools for personalized medicine and are alternatives to animal models. Separation science and mass spectrometry (MS) are key approaches for studying organoids and organ‑on-a-chip systems. Applications include the study of organoid drug metabolism and biomarker discovery.
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Extractable and Leachable Testing for Pharmaceutical Packaging, Finished Pharmaceutical Products, and Medical Devices: An Analytical PerspectiveExtractable and leachable (E&L) testing for finished pharmaceutical products, bioprocess manufacturing systems, and medical devices is currently a subject of intense interest. The majority of the challenges encountered in analytical workflows are related to the highly complex matrices and relatively low analyte evaluation thresholds seen in E&L studies. This paper provide options for executing E&L testing to supporting regulatory submissions. There are multiple compliant routes possible, and the presented workflows and analytical solutions are only one of multiple successful approaches.
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Monitoring for Per- and Poly-Fluoroalkyl (PFAS) with Advanced Mass Spectrometry– Based MethodsPer- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a family of potentially thousands of synthetic compounds that have long been used in the manufacture of a variety of common products with stain-repellent and nonstick properties. Their signature strong fluorine and carbon bonds make them difficult to break down and, as a result, they are among the most persistent of today’s environmental pollutants. Alarmingly, PFAS can be found in drinking water and have been shown to accumulate in the body with the potential to cause multiple health problems, such as hormone disruption and cancer. Advances in mass spectrometry have facilitated the detection of known PFAS contaminants as well as the identification of poorly studied and novel compounds in watersheds. This article explores the detection of known and novel PFAS contaminants in aqueous film-forming foams and raw drinking water sources in North Carolina, using new advances in mass spectrometry and data acquisition to improve identification and quantitation.
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Analysis of Omega-3 Supplements by GC-FIDFAME and cis/trans FAME composition of three omega-3 supplements have been analyzed using two diferent columns, a 100% polyethylene glycol and a 100% biscyanopropyl.
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Multidimensional Gas Chromatography: Benefits and Considerations for Current and Prospective UsersWhen should multidimensional GC approaches be used for analyzing complex samples and analytes?
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Direct Analysis of Class 2 Residual Solvents Using Molecular Rotational Resonance SpectroscopyMolecular rotational resonance (MRR) spectroscopy operates in the microwave region, detecting transitions between pure rotational energy levels. Combined with adiabatic cooling, MRR produces highly selective spectra unique to each molecule’s atomic structure. Even slight changes in atomic position or mass result in distinct spectral differences, allowing MRR to directly analyze complex mixtures, including isomers, without chromatographic separation. This article presents a continuous headspace-MRR method for analyzing Class 2 residual solvents, including low-volatility solvents from Class 2 Mixture C. By evaluating solvents with diverse boiling points, the study demonstrates that MRR meets ICH and USP standards for most Class 2 and Class 3 solvents and half of Class 1 solvents.
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In-Loop Analyte Degradation in Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography: Example and SolutionsIn this installment of “LC Troubleshooting,” we describe an artifact that can arise because of compound degradation during the transfer of fractions of the first dimension (1D) column effluent to the 2D separation.
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Novel LC–MS/MS Method with a Dual ESI and APCI Ion Source for Analysis of California-Regulated Pesticides and Mycotoxins in Medium-Chain Triglyceride (MCT) Oil Cannabis TincturesA novel liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method with a dual electrospray ionization (ESI) and atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization (APCI) source was developed for analysis of 66 pesticides and 5 mycotoxins regulated by the State of California in medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) oil cannabis tinctures. The limits of quantitation (LOQs) of all of the pesticides and mycotoxins were well below California state action limits of these analytes in cannabis-based non-inhalable or edible products. A total of 62 (out of 66) pesticides and 5 mycotoxins were analyzed using LC–MS/MS with an ESI source, and the remaining 4 pesticides were determined using LC–MS/MS with an APCI source. A simple, fast, and cheap acetonitrile solvent extraction method was used for sample preparation to get good recovery and achieve high throughput for this analysis. For late-eluted analytes, a number of internal standards were used to compensate for ion suppression effects from the hydrophobic matrix.
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Polysorbate Analysis in Biopharmaceutical Applications — A Snapshot of the Analytical ToolboxAn overview of different approaches for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of polysorbates.
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AOAC INTERNATIONAL’s ISO 17043 Accreditation Expanded to Cannabis and Hemp Oil Proficiency TestingAccredited by A2LA, the scope of accreditation to ISO/IEC 17043 now includes six cannabis and hemp oil proficiency testing programs.
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ISC 2022 PreviewThe 33rd International Symposium on Chromatography (ISC 2022) will be held from 18–22 September 2022 in Budapest. Read on to find out what attendees can look forward to.
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Optimization of Determination Method of Cooling Agents in Cigarette Tipping Paper by Gas ChromatographyThis GC–FID method enables accurate determination of cooling agents, which are flavor compounds commonly used in cigarette tipping paper.
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Multidimensional Gas Chromatography: Benefits and Considerations for Current and Prospective UsersWhen should multidimensional GC approaches be used for analyzing complex samples and analytes?
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Essentials of LC Troubleshooting, Part II, Continued: More Misbehaving Retention TimesWhen can analyte retention deviate from what is expected or normal? We explain three subtle causes.
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Characterization of Styrene–Butadiene Block Copolymers by Gel Permeation ChromatographyThe authors compare their results in analyzing styrene–butadiene block copolymers by gel permeation chromatography with other methods, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and pyrolysis gas chromatography.
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Comparing the Chemical Profiles of Plant-Based and Traditional Meats Using GC–MS-Based MetabolomicsUntargeted GC–MS metabolomics with sample derivatization is shown here to be effective for measuring the chemical profiles of traditional and plant-based meat products.
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A Suitable Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Method for Amoxicillin in Plasma by High Performance Liquid Chromatography–UV (HPLC–UV) in NeonatesThis simple, rapid, and accurate HPLC-UV method can facilitate routine therapeutic drug monitoring in neonates.
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Method Development for the Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Pesticides by Direct Injection Liquid Chromatography– Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS/MS)This modification of ASTM method D8026 for pesticides in environmental matrices includes more pesticides and lowers the reporting limits, thus increasing throughput and measurement capacity for a large surface-water monitoring project.
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Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Hop-Derived Humulone and Isohumulone Constituents in Beer: The Bitter Truth of Hops Utilization During BrewingA rapid LC–MS method using ESI coupled with SIM-MS for analysis of humulone and isohumulone content in beer is described.
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The Importance of Complete Overlapping of Analyte and Internal Standard Peaks in Eliminating Matrix Effects with Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS)Ensuring complete overlapping (coelution) of analyte and internal standard peaks can be critical for eliminating matrix effects in LC–MS/MS analysis.
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Purification and Isolation of Cannabinoids: Current Challenges and PerspectivesThe current challenges and future perspectives of the purification of cannabinoids from cannabis extracts are presented in this review article.
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Analysis of Accutrace Plus Marker in Fuels with GC–MSA new method has been developed to provide a sensitive, accurate and convenient GC–MS method to align with the new European regulation in relation to the introduction of the new Accutrace Plus marker for fuels.
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An LC–MS/MS Method for the Evaluation of Intestinal Permeability in Blood PlasmaA rapid and robust LC–MS/MS method for determining lactulose and rhamnose concentrations in blood plasma was used to determine intestinal permeability from blood plasma, which can help diagnose gastrointestinal diseases such as Crohn’s disease.
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Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) with Cold Electron Ionization (EI): Bridging the Gap Between GC–MS and LC–MSGas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) with cold electron ionization (EI) is based on interfacing the GC and MS instruments with supersonic molecular beams (SMB) along with electron ionization of vibrationally cold sample compounds in SMB in a fly-through ion source (hence the name cold EI). GC–MS with cold EI improves all the central performance aspects of GC–MS. These aspects include enhanced molecular ions, improved sample identification, an extended range of compounds amenable for analysis, uniform response to all analytes, faster analysis, greater selectivity, and lower detection limits. In GC–MS with cold EI, the GC elution temperatures can be significantly lowered by reducing the column length and increasing the carrier gas flow rate. Furthermore, the injector temperature can be reduced using a high column flow rate, and sample degradation at the cold EI fly-through ion source is eliminated. Thus, a greater range of thermally labile and low volatility compounds can be analyzed. The extension of the range of compounds and applications amenable for analysis is the most important benefit of cold EI that bridges the gap with LC–MS. Several examples of GC–MS with cold EI applications are discussed including cannabinoids analysis, synthetic organic compounds analysis, and lipids in blood analysis for medical diagnostics.
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Reimagined Lab Management for the Lab of the FutureDiscover an easy to implement alternative to LIMS that combines data management, workflow, and sample management.
