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High Throughput Sub-4 Min Separation of Antibodies Using Size Exclusion ChromatographyGel filtration chromatography (GFC) is a powerful analytical tool in the separation of antibodies. Traditionally, GFC columns with a dimension of 7.8 mm i.d. × 30 cm are used for analytical purposes.
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The Evolution of Chiral Stationary Phases from HPLC to UHPLCThis article focuses on the progression that chiral stationary phases (CSPs), specifically developed for HPLC, are currently undergoing because of the pressing need of an easy switch to UHPLC.
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A New Method for Quality by Design Robust Optimization in Liquid ChromatographyA new method to optimize liquid chromatography (LC) methods using a Quality by Design (QbD) approach is presented. This method is based on the use of design of experiments (DOE) and independent component analysis (ICA) to accurately estimate the modeled responses (that is, the retention times at the beginning, the apex, and the end) of each peak, even for coeluted peaks. This method was applied to the optimization of the separation of nine compounds in a mixture, yielding the design space and the demonstration of robustness of the method.
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A Multimodal Liquid and Supercritical Fluid Chromatography Chiral Separation Screening and Column Maintenance Strategy Designed to Support Molecules in Pharmaceutical Development (Part 1)Chiral separation screening has become a widely accepted approach for the rapid identification of an appropriate chiral stationary phase for use in more focused enantioseparation optimization. A set of extended screens encompassing various chromatographic modes using HPLC and SFC is presented.
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Extraction of Micropollutants From Size-Limited Solid SamplesThe quantitative extraction and subsequent purification of trace contaminants from (semi-)solid environmental and food matrices of regular size (that is, a few grams) is still recognized as a challenging task, typically accomplished through relatively complex off-line multistep treatment procedures. When these conventional sample preparation procedures are applied to the treatment of size-limited samples (of less than 1 g), the difficulties increase. This review discusses the different analytical strategies that can be adopted to overcome (or at least reduce) these difficulties when chromatographic techniques are involved for final instrumental determination.
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Development of an Ultrasensitive LC–MS-MS Method for Determination of 5-Fluorouracil in Mouse Plasma5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a low-molecular-weight anticancer drug in clinical use for several solid tumors in humans. Currently, the most widely used methodology for 5-FU quantitation is liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS-MS) with either liquid–liquid extraction (LLE), protein precipitation, or a combination of both as sample cleanup procedures.
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Determination of Phytohormones in Plant Extracts Using In-matrix Ethyl Chloroformate Derivatization and DLLME–GC–MSA fast and simple sample preparation method for the simultaneous determination of 11 phytohormones in plants by GC–MS has been developed.
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Determination of Corrosion Inhibitor–Lubricity Improver in Jet Fuels by Liquid Chromatography–Electrospray Ionization Mass SpectrometryMilitary jet fuel (JP-8) is very similar to commercial jet fuel (Jet A) except for the presence of three additives, fuel system icing inhibitor, corrosion inhibitor–lubricity improver (CI-LI), and antistatic additive, which are added to improve characteristics of JP-8.
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Determination of Corrosion Inhibitor–Lubricity Improver in Jet Fuels by Liquid Chromatography–Electrospray Ionization Mass SpectrometryMilitary jet fuel (JP-8) is very similar to commercial jet fuel (Jet A) except for the presence of three additives, fuel system icing inhibitor, corrosion inhibitor–lubricity improver (CI-LI), and antistatic additive, which are added to improve characteristics of JP-8.
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Reliable Separation and Efficient Group-type Quantitation of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs)Petroleum contamination from leaking underground storage tanks, for example, is a significant concern for both the environment and human health. Thorough characterization of the contamination is required to form appropriate risk assessments and remediation strategies, but until now, the determination of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) in soil has typically involved a convoluted and labour-intensive process. In this article, the analysis of TPH in environmental media is simplified using flow-modulated GC×GC–FID with quantitation based on pre-defined compound groupings. This approach overcomes the drawbacks of conventional solvent fractionation approaches, by eliminating the need for sample fractionation and automating data processing workflows.
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Practical and Popular Sample Preparation Techniques for Ion ChromatographyThe authors present the most common and fundamental techniques that address common matrix issues and discuss the critical chemistry considerations.
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HILIC and Its Applications for Biotechnology, Part IIThe modern usage and specific applications of HILIC for two other major classes of analytes - glycopeptides and glycoproteins - are discussed.
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A Sensitive and Cost-Effective LC–MS-MS Method for Determination of 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 in Human PlasmaThe biologically active form of vitamin D is an important analytical target in both research and clinical practice.
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Morphological Comparison of Silica-Based Monolithic and Particulate Beds by Confocal Laser Scanning MicroscopyThis analysis offers insight for optimizing the structure of monoliths.
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In Memory of Pavel Jandera, Leading ChromatographerProfessor Pavel Jandera passed away suddenly and unexpectedly on August 5, 2021. He was one of the most famous Czech analytical chemists. He was 77 years old.
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A New Method for Quality by Design Robust Optimization in Liquid ChromatographyA new method to optimize liquid chromatography (LC) methods using a Quality by Design (QbD) approach is presented. This method is based on the use of design of experiments (DOE) and independent component analysis (ICA) to accurately estimate the modeled responses (that is, the retention times at the beginning, the apex, and the end) of each peak, even for coeluted peaks. This method was applied to the optimization of the separation of nine compounds in a mixture, yielding the design space and the demonstration of robustness of the method.
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Application of Pyrolysis–Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for the Identification of Polymeric MaterialsThe pyrolysis–GC–MS method enables direct analysis of solid or liquid polymers without sample pretreatment, as illustrated here for various materials, including a dental filling material and a car wrapping foil.
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Next Generation Peak Fitting for SeparationsSeparation scientists frequently encounter critical pairs that are difficult to separate in a complex mixture. To save time and expensive solvents, an effective alternative to conventional screening protocols or mathematical peak width reduction is called iterative curve fitting.
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Application of Mass Spectrometry to Support Verification and Characterization of Counterfeit PharmaceuticalsThe production and sale of counterfeit drugs has risen sharply in recent years. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that counterfeit medicines account for approximately 1% of sales in developed countries and well over 10% in developing countries.
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CAPCELL CORE ADME S2.7, a Novel Adamantyl Stationary Phase, Alternative to C18 for Improved Separation of MetabolitesCAPCELL CORE ADME S2.7 (ADME) is a column packed with a novel stationary phase of superficially porous silica (core shell particle) modified by adamantyl functional groups.
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Determination of Halogens and Sulphur in Complex MatricesThis article presents a method that combines combustion digestion and ion chromatography into a single analysis (combustion ion chromatography [CIC]) making it possible to detect halogens and sulphur in complex matrices. The method is suitable for use in a wide range of application areas.
