Rapid Perfluorinated Alkyl Acid Analysis by LC–MS/MS Increases Sample Throughput
September 1st 2017Perfluorinated alkyl acids are man-made fluorochemicals used as surface-active agents in the manufacture of a variety of products, such as firefighting foams, coating additives, textiles, and cleaning products. They have been detected in the environment globally and are used in very large quantities around the world. These fluorochemicals are extremely persistent and resistant to typical environmental degradation processes. As a result, they are widely distributed across the higher trophic levels and are found in soil, air, groundwater, municipal refuse, and landfill leachates. The toxicity, mobility, and bioaccumulation potential of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), in particular, pose potential adverse effects for the environment and human health.
Analyzing Multisegmented Block Copolymers by SEC-MALS-IV
September 1st 2017“Click” chemistry is a class of efficient and selective reactions that is characterized by quantitative yields, tolerance to a broad range of functional groups, facile experimental setup, and minimal synthetic workup. This class of reactions combines particularly well with controlled radical polymerization methods, such as atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), and the two techniques have been prolifically employed for the synthesis of a wide variety of novel polymeric materials, including (multi) block copolymers, stars, brushes, and gels. This note describes the analysis of multisegmented block copolymers prepared by click-coupling of block copolymers synthesized by ATRP.
Identifying Post-Translational Modifications in Monoclonal Antibodies
September 1st 2017Identifying Post-Translational Modifications in Monoclonal Antibodies Analyzing post-translational modifications-such as glycosylation, oxidation, and deamidation-at different levels can reveal different types of information.
Liposome Size, Concentration, and Structural Characterization by FFF-MALS-DLS
September 1st 2017Liposomes are often used as nanocarriers to encapsulate in their cores hydrophobic or highly toxic drugs, and deliver these drugs safely to target tissue. During drug nanocarrier research and development as well as production quality control, it is of great importance to monitor liposome size distributions accurately while also verifying drug encapsulation. FFF-MALS-DLS, consisting of field-flow fractionation (FFF) combined with multi-angle light scattering (MALS) and dynamic light scattering (DLS), is a powerful tool for characterizing the size, concentration, and structure of large nanoparticle ensembles.
SEC-MS Analysis of a Bispecific Antibody
September 1st 2017Modern therapeutic antibody formats, such as bispecific antibodies (bsAbs), are on the rise. Bispecific antibodies are artificial proteins that recognize two different epitopes and can simultaneously bind to two different types of antigen. They can be used to redirect T cells to tumour cells, block two different signalling pathways simultaneously, dually target different disease mediators, and deliver payloads to targeted sites.
Novel Metabolomics GC Method for Olive Oil Analysis
August 22nd 2017A method to determine the quality of olive oil has been developed using a novel atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) source in combination with gas chromatography (GC) coupled to hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (QTOF-MS) and a metabolomics strategy.
Investigating Cookie Aroma Profiles Using Dynamic Headspace Sampling and TD–GC–TOF-MS
August 22nd 2017This proof-of-principle study shows that dynamic headspace sampling with thermal desorption–gas chromatography–time‑of-flight mass spectrometry (TD–GC–TOF-MS) analysis can be used to investigate the complex aroma profiles released from flavoured cookies. Key flavour compounds in chocolate-chip, peanut, and orange-cream cookies are highlighted, and the effect of raising the headspace extraction temperature is examined.
Simultaneous Determination of Plant Growth Regulators in Bean Sprouts by UHPLC Coupled with MS/MS
August 22nd 2017A rapid and sensitive ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS) method was developed to simultaneously determine six plant growth regulators in bean sprouts with a simple preparation. Analyte extraction from samples was effectively performed using liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) by acetonitrile. Chromatographic separation was conducted on a C18 reversed-phase column with gradient elution. The analytes were detected by tandem quadrupole MS after negative electrospray ionization by multiple reaction monitoring. The developed method was validated by testing method specificity, matrix effect, sensitivity, linearity, accuracy, and precision.